Sleep behaviours and associated habits and the progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Samiul A Mostafa, Sandra Campos Mena, Christina Antza, George Balanos, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Abd A Tahrani

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Abstract

Introduction: Certain sleep behaviours increase risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the general population, but whether they contribute to the progression from pre-diabetes to T2DM is uncertain. We conducted a systematic review to assess this. Methods: Structured searches were performed on bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL) from inception to 26/04/2021 for longitudinal studies/trials consisting of adults⩾18 years with pre-diabetes and sleep behaviours (short or long sleep duration (SD), late chronotype, insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea, daytime napping and/or night-shift employment) that reported on incident T2DM or glycaemic changes. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. Results: Six studies were included. Meta-analysis of three studies (n = 20,139) demonstrated that short SD was associated with greater risk of progression to T2DM, hazard ratio (HR) 1.59 (95% CI 1.29-1.97), I 2 heterogeneity score 0%, p < 0.0001, but not for long SD, HR 1.50 (0.86–2.62), I 2 heterogeneity 77%, p = 0.15. The systematic review showed insomnia and night-shift duty were associated with higher progression to T2DM. Studies were rated as moderate-to-high quality. Conclusions: Progression from pre-diabetes to T2DM increases with short SD, but only limited data exists for insomnia and night-shift duty. Whether manipulating sleep could reduce progression from pre-diabetes to T2DM needs to be examined.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1-11
JournalDiabetes and Vascular Disease Research
Volume19
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 26 May 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: SM undertook this research work through receiving a Clinical Research Network West Midlands Health and Care Research Scholarship. He has previously has received research support from Novo Nordisk Research Foundation UK and Academy of Medical Sciences. AAT reports grants from Novo Nordisk, personal fees from Novo Nordisk, non-financial support from Novo Nordisk, personal fees from Eli Lilly, non-financial support from Eli Lilly, personal fees from Janssen, personal fees from AZ, non-financial support from AZ, non-financial support from Impeto medical, non-financial support from Resmed, non-financial support from Aptiva, personal fees from BI, non-financial support from BI, personal fees from BMS, nonfinancial support from BMS, personal fees from NAPP, non-financial support from NAPP, personal fees from MSD, non-financial support from MSD, personal fees from Nestle, personal fees from Gilead, grants from Sanofi, and personal fees from Sanofi outside the submitted work. AAT is currently an employee of Novo Nordisk. This work was performed before AAT becoming a Novo Nordisk employee and Novo Nordisk had no role in this project.

Funding Information:
We would like to thank University Hospitals of Birmingham Library team (especially Jennifer Manders) for their support with developing and modifying the final search terms, conducting the initial searches and also for providing access to their systemic review training courses and resources. The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2022.

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
  • Habits
  • Humans
  • Prediabetic State/diagnosis
  • Sleep
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/diagnosis

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