Chilblains in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a review

Shirish Dubey; Nilay Joshi; Olivia  Stevenson; Caroline Gordon; John Reynolds

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keac231

Chilblains in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a review

Shirish Dubey, Nilay Joshi, Olivia Stevenson, Caroline Gordon, John Reynolds

Inflammation and Ageing

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

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Abstract

Chilblains were first described over a hundred years ago as cutaneous inflammatory lesions, typically on the digits, occurring on cold exposure. Chilblains can be primary, or secondary to a number of conditions such as infections, including COVID-19, and immune mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) being the commonest. Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus (CHLE) was first described in 1888 as cold-induced erythematous lesions before the terms 'chilblains' or 'perniosis' were coined. Diagnostic criteria exist for both chilblains and CHLE. Histopathologically, CHLE lesions show interface dermatitis with perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. Immunofluorescence demonstrates linear deposits of immunoglobulins and complement in the dermo-epidermal junction. This narrative review focuses on chilblains secondary to immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, primarily the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of CHLE.

Original language	English
Article number	keac231
Journal	Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
Early online date	12 Apr 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keac231
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 12 Apr 2022

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Chilblains
Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus
CHLE
immune mediated inflammatory diseases
IMID

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10.1093/rheumatology/keac231

DubeyS2022Chilbl
This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Rheumatology following peer review. The version of record Shirish Dubey, Nilay Joshi, Olivia Stevenson, Caroline Gordon, John A Reynolds, Chilblains in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a review, Rheumatology, 2022;, keac231, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keac231.
Accepted author manuscript, 313 KBLicence: None: All rights reserved

Cite this

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title = "Chilblains in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a review",

abstract = "Chilblains were first described over a hundred years ago as cutaneous inflammatory lesions, typically on the digits, occurring on cold exposure. Chilblains can be primary, or secondary to a number of conditions such as infections, including COVID-19, and immune mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) being the commonest. Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus (CHLE) was first described in 1888 as cold-induced erythematous lesions before the terms 'chilblains' or 'perniosis' were coined. Diagnostic criteria exist for both chilblains and CHLE. Histopathologically, CHLE lesions show interface dermatitis with perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. Immunofluorescence demonstrates linear deposits of immunoglobulins and complement in the dermo-epidermal junction. This narrative review focuses on chilblains secondary to immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, primarily the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of CHLE.",

keywords = "Chilblains, Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus, CHLE, immune mediated inflammatory diseases, IMID",

author = "Shirish Dubey and Nilay Joshi and Olivia Stevenson and Caroline Gordon and John Reynolds",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.",

year = "2022",

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doi = "10.1093/rheumatology/keac231",

language = "English",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Chilblains in immune mediated inflammatory diseases

T2 - a review

AU - Dubey, Shirish

AU - Joshi, Nilay

AU - Stevenson, Olivia

AU - Gordon, Caroline

AU - Reynolds, John

PY - 2022/4/12

Y1 - 2022/4/12

N2 - Chilblains were first described over a hundred years ago as cutaneous inflammatory lesions, typically on the digits, occurring on cold exposure. Chilblains can be primary, or secondary to a number of conditions such as infections, including COVID-19, and immune mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) being the commonest. Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus (CHLE) was first described in 1888 as cold-induced erythematous lesions before the terms 'chilblains' or 'perniosis' were coined. Diagnostic criteria exist for both chilblains and CHLE. Histopathologically, CHLE lesions show interface dermatitis with perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. Immunofluorescence demonstrates linear deposits of immunoglobulins and complement in the dermo-epidermal junction. This narrative review focuses on chilblains secondary to immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, primarily the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of CHLE.

AB - Chilblains were first described over a hundred years ago as cutaneous inflammatory lesions, typically on the digits, occurring on cold exposure. Chilblains can be primary, or secondary to a number of conditions such as infections, including COVID-19, and immune mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) being the commonest. Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus (CHLE) was first described in 1888 as cold-induced erythematous lesions before the terms 'chilblains' or 'perniosis' were coined. Diagnostic criteria exist for both chilblains and CHLE. Histopathologically, CHLE lesions show interface dermatitis with perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. Immunofluorescence demonstrates linear deposits of immunoglobulins and complement in the dermo-epidermal junction. This narrative review focuses on chilblains secondary to immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, primarily the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of CHLE.

KW - Chilblains

KW - Chilblain Lupus Erythematosus

KW - CHLE

KW - immune mediated inflammatory diseases

KW - IMID

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DO - 10.1093/rheumatology/keac231

M3 - Review article

C2 - 35412601

SN - 1462-0324

JO - Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

JF - Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

M1 - keac231

ER -

Chilblains in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a review

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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