TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of malnutrition on early outcomes after cancer surgery
T2 - an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study
AU - GlobalSurg Collaborative and NIHR Global Health Unit on Global Surgery
AU - Riad, Aya
AU - Knight, Stephen R.
AU - Ghosh, Dhruv
AU - Kingsley, Pamela A.
AU - Lapitan, Marie Carmela
AU - Parreno-Sacdalan, Marie Dione
AU - Sundar, Sudha
AU - Qureshi, Ahmad Uzair
AU - Valparaiso, Apple P.
AU - Pius, Riinu
AU - Shaw, Catherine A.
AU - Drake, Thomas M.
AU - Norman, Lisa
AU - Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O.
AU - Adisa, Adewale O.
AU - Aguilera, Maria Lorena
AU - Al-Saqqa, Sara W.
AU - Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim
AU - Bhangu, Aneel
AU - Biccard, Bruce M.
AU - Brocklehurst, Peter
AU - Burden, Sorrel
AU - Chu, Kathryn
AU - Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa
AU - Dare, Anna J.
AU - Elhadi, Muhammed
AU - Fairfield, Cameron J.
AU - Fitzgerald, J. Edward
AU - Glasbey, James
AU - van Berge Henegouwen, Mark I.
AU - Ingabire, J. C.Allen
AU - Kingham, T. Peter
AU - Lawani, Ismaïl
AU - Lieske, Bettina
AU - Lilford, Richard
AU - Magill, Laura
AU - Maimbo, Mayaba
AU - Martin, Janet
AU - Mathai, Sonia
AU - McLean, Kenneth A.
AU - Moore, Rachel
AU - Morton, Dion
AU - Nepogodiev, Dmitri
AU - Norrie, John
AU - Ntirenganya, Faustin
AU - Pata, Francesco
AU - Pinkney, Thomas
AU - Kottayasamy Seenivasagam, Rajkumar
AU - Simões, Joana
AU - Whitaker, John
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by the NIHR Global Health Research Unit. ET is supported by a Cancer Research UK Career Development Fellowship (C31250/A22804). RJES is supported by NHS Research Scotland. The NIHR Global Health Research Unit Grant (NIHR 17-0799) funded hub development in a subset of contributing countries. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the UK Department of Health and Social Care.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Background: Malnutrition represents a key priority for global health policy, yet the impact of nutritional state on cancer surgery worldwide remains poorly described. We aimed to analyse the effect of malnutrition on early postoperative outcomes following elective surgery for colorectal or gastric cancer. Methods: We did an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study of patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal or gastric cancer between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019. Patients were excluded if the primary pathology was benign, they presented with cancer recurrence, or if they underwent emergency surgery (within 72 h of hospital admission). Malnutrition was defined with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. The primary outcome was death or a major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression and a three-way mediation analysis were done to establish the relationship between country income group, nutritional status, and 30-day postoperative outcomes. Findings: This study included 5709 patients (4593 with colorectal cancer and 1116 with gastric cancer) from 381 hospitals in 75 countries. The mean age was 64·8 years (SD 13·5) and 2432 (42·6%) patients were female. Severe malnutrition was present in 1899 (33·3%) of 5709 patients, with a disproportionate burden in upper-middle-income countries (504 [44·4%] of 1135) and low-income and lower-middle-income countries (601 [62·5%] of 962). After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, severe malnutrition was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality across all country income groups (high income: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1·96 [95% CI 1·14–3·37], p=0·015; upper-middle income: 3·05 [1·45–6·42], p=0·003; low income and lower-middle income: 11·57 [5·87–22·80], p<0·0001). Severe malnutrition mediated an estimated 32% of early deaths in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (aOR 1·41 [95% CI 1·22–1·64]) and an estimated 40% of early deaths in upper-middle-income countries (1·18 [1·08–1·30]). Interpretation: Severe malnutrition is common in patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancers and is a risk factor for 30-day mortality following elective surgery for colorectal or gastric cancer. There is an urgent need to examine whether perioperative nutritional interventions can improve early outcomes following gastrointestinal cancer surgery worldwide. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit.
AB - Background: Malnutrition represents a key priority for global health policy, yet the impact of nutritional state on cancer surgery worldwide remains poorly described. We aimed to analyse the effect of malnutrition on early postoperative outcomes following elective surgery for colorectal or gastric cancer. Methods: We did an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study of patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal or gastric cancer between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019. Patients were excluded if the primary pathology was benign, they presented with cancer recurrence, or if they underwent emergency surgery (within 72 h of hospital admission). Malnutrition was defined with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. The primary outcome was death or a major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression and a three-way mediation analysis were done to establish the relationship between country income group, nutritional status, and 30-day postoperative outcomes. Findings: This study included 5709 patients (4593 with colorectal cancer and 1116 with gastric cancer) from 381 hospitals in 75 countries. The mean age was 64·8 years (SD 13·5) and 2432 (42·6%) patients were female. Severe malnutrition was present in 1899 (33·3%) of 5709 patients, with a disproportionate burden in upper-middle-income countries (504 [44·4%] of 1135) and low-income and lower-middle-income countries (601 [62·5%] of 962). After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, severe malnutrition was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality across all country income groups (high income: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1·96 [95% CI 1·14–3·37], p=0·015; upper-middle income: 3·05 [1·45–6·42], p=0·003; low income and lower-middle income: 11·57 [5·87–22·80], p<0·0001). Severe malnutrition mediated an estimated 32% of early deaths in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (aOR 1·41 [95% CI 1·22–1·64]) and an estimated 40% of early deaths in upper-middle-income countries (1·18 [1·08–1·30]). Interpretation: Severe malnutrition is common in patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancers and is a risk factor for 30-day mortality following elective surgery for colorectal or gastric cancer. There is an urgent need to examine whether perioperative nutritional interventions can improve early outcomes following gastrointestinal cancer surgery worldwide. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85148259621&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00550-2
DO - 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00550-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 36796981
AN - SCOPUS:85148259621
SN - 2214-109X
VL - 11
SP - e341-e349
JO - The Lancet Global Health
JF - The Lancet Global Health
IS - 3
ER -
