Development and validation of a non-remission risk prediction model in first episode psychosis: An Analysis of 2 Longitudinal Studies

Samuel P. Leighton, Rajeev Krishnadas, Rachel Upthegrove, Steven Marwaha, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Georgios Gkoutos, Matthew Broome, Peter Liddle, Linda Everard, Swaran Singh, Nicholas Freemantle, David Fowler, Peter Jones, Vimal Sharma, Robin M Murray, Til Wykes, Richard Drake, Iain Buchan, Simon N Rogers, Jonathan CavanaghShôn Lewis, Max Birchwood, Pavan Mallikarjun

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Abstract

Psychosis is a major mental illness with first onset in young adults. The prognosis is poor in around half of the people affected, and difficult to predict. The few tools available to predict prognosis have major weaknesses which limit their use in clinical practice. We aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model of symptom nonremission in first-episode psychosis. Our development cohort consisted of 1027 patients with first-episode psychosis recruited between 2005 and 2010 from 14 early intervention services across the National Health Service in England. Our validation cohort consisted of 399 patients with first-episode psychosis recruited between 2006 and 2009 from a further 11 English early intervention services. The one-year nonremission rate was 52% and 54% in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop a risk prediction model for nonremission, which was externally validated. The prediction model showed good discrimination C-statistic of 0.73 (0.71, 0.75) and adequate calibration with intercept alpha of 0.12 (0.02, 0.22) and slope beta of 0.98 (0.85, 1.11). Our model improved the net-benefit by 15% at a risk threshold of 50% compared to the strategy of treating all, equivalent to 15 more detected nonremitted first-episode psychosis individuals per 100 without incorrectly classifying remitted cases. Once prospectively validated, our first episode psychosis prediction model could help identify patients at increased risk of nonremission at initial clinical contact.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)sgab041
JournalSchizophrenia Bulletin Open
Volume2
Issue number1
Early online date31 Aug 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 23 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the University of Maryland's school of medicine, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.

Keywords

  • Prediction modelling
  • Schizophrenia
  • psychotic disorders
  • early intervention
  • logistic regression
  • precision medicine
  • prognosis
  • schizophrenia

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Psychiatry and Mental health

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