TY - JOUR
T1 - S-GRAS score for prognostic classification of adrenocortical carcinoma
T2 - an international, multicenter ENSAT study
AU - Elhassan, Yasir S
AU - Altieri, Barbara
AU - Berhane, Sarah
AU - Cosentini, Deborah
AU - Calabrese, Anna
AU - Haissaguerre, Magalie
AU - Kastelan, Darko
AU - Fragoso, Maria Candida Barisson Villares
AU - Bertherat, Jerome
AU - Al Ghuzlan, Abir
AU - Haak, H R
AU - Boudina, Maria
AU - Canu, Letizia
AU - Loli, Paola
AU - Sherlock, Mark
AU - Kimpel, Otilia
AU - Laganà, Marta
AU - Sitch, Alice J
AU - Kroiss, Matthias
AU - Arlt, Wiebke
AU - Terzolo, Massimo
AU - Berruti, Alfredo
AU - Deeks, Jon
AU - Libe, Rosella
AU - Fassnacht, Martin
AU - Ronchi, Cristina L
PY - 2022/1/1
Y1 - 2022/1/1
N2 - Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has an aggressive but variable clinical course. Prognostic stratification based on the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours stage and Ki67 index is limited. We aimed to demonstrate the prognostic role of a points-based score (S-GRAS) in a large cohort of patients with ACC.Design: This is a multicentre, retrospective study on ACC patients who underwent adrenalectomy.Methods: The S-GRAS score was calculated as a sum of the following points: tumour stage (1-2 = 0; 3 = 1; 4 = 2), grade (Ki67 index 0-9% = 0; 10-19% = 1; ≥20% = 2 points), resection status (R0 = 0; RX = 1; R1 = 2; R2 = 3), age (<50 years = 0; ≥50 years = 1), symptoms (no = 0; yes = 1), and categorised, generating four groups (0-1, 2-3, 4-5, and 6-9). Endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The discriminative performance of S-GRAS and its components was tested by Harrell's Concordance index (C-index) and Royston-Sauerbrei's R2D statistic.Results: We included 942 ACC patients. The S-GRAS score showed superior prognostic performance for both PFS and DSS, with best discrimination obtained using the individual scores (0-9) (C-index = 0.73, R2D = 0.30, and C-index = 0.79, R2D = 0.45, respectively, all P < 0.01vs each component). The superiority of S-GRAS score remained when comparing patients treated or not with adjuvant mitotane (n = 481 vs 314). In particular, the risk of recurrence was significantly reduced as a result of adjuvant mitotane only in patients with S-GRAS 4-5.Conclusion: The prognostic performance of S-GRAS is superior to tumour stage and Ki67 in operated ACC patients, independently from adjuvant mitotane. S-GRAS score provides a new important guide for personalised management of ACC (i.e. radiological surveillance and adjuvant treatment).
AB - Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has an aggressive but variable clinical course. Prognostic stratification based on the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours stage and Ki67 index is limited. We aimed to demonstrate the prognostic role of a points-based score (S-GRAS) in a large cohort of patients with ACC.Design: This is a multicentre, retrospective study on ACC patients who underwent adrenalectomy.Methods: The S-GRAS score was calculated as a sum of the following points: tumour stage (1-2 = 0; 3 = 1; 4 = 2), grade (Ki67 index 0-9% = 0; 10-19% = 1; ≥20% = 2 points), resection status (R0 = 0; RX = 1; R1 = 2; R2 = 3), age (<50 years = 0; ≥50 years = 1), symptoms (no = 0; yes = 1), and categorised, generating four groups (0-1, 2-3, 4-5, and 6-9). Endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The discriminative performance of S-GRAS and its components was tested by Harrell's Concordance index (C-index) and Royston-Sauerbrei's R2D statistic.Results: We included 942 ACC patients. The S-GRAS score showed superior prognostic performance for both PFS and DSS, with best discrimination obtained using the individual scores (0-9) (C-index = 0.73, R2D = 0.30, and C-index = 0.79, R2D = 0.45, respectively, all P < 0.01vs each component). The superiority of S-GRAS score remained when comparing patients treated or not with adjuvant mitotane (n = 481 vs 314). In particular, the risk of recurrence was significantly reduced as a result of adjuvant mitotane only in patients with S-GRAS 4-5.Conclusion: The prognostic performance of S-GRAS is superior to tumour stage and Ki67 in operated ACC patients, independently from adjuvant mitotane. S-GRAS score provides a new important guide for personalised management of ACC (i.e. radiological surveillance and adjuvant treatment).
KW - Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/diagnosis
KW - Adrenalectomy
KW - Adrenocortical Carcinoma/diagnosis
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Aged, 80 and over
KW - Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine
KW - Disease Progression
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis
KW - Neoplasm Staging
KW - Prognosis
KW - Research Design
KW - Retrospective Studies
KW - Survival Analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122438557&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1530/EJE-21-0510
DO - 10.1530/EJE-21-0510
M3 - Article
C2 - 34709200
SN - 0804-4643
VL - 186
SP - 25
EP - 36
JO - European Journal of Endocrinology
JF - European Journal of Endocrinology
IS - 1
ER -