TY - JOUR
T1 - Deciphering the particle specific effects on metabolism in rat liver and plasma from ZnO nanoparticles versus ionic Zn exposure
AU - Guo, Zhiling
AU - Luo, Yali
AU - Zhang, Peng
AU - Chetwynd, Andrew J.
AU - Qunhui Xie, Heidi
AU - Abdolahpur Monikh, Fazel
AU - Tao, Wunqun
AU - Xie, Changjian
AU - Liu, Yiyun
AU - Xu, Sherry Li
AU - Zhang, Zhiyong
AU - Valsami-jones, Eugenia
AU - Lynch, Iseult
AU - Zhao, Bin
PY - 2020/3
Y1 - 2020/3
N2 - Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are often related to the release of Zn 2+ ions due to their dissolution. Studies also suggest that the toxicity of ZnO NPs cannot be solely explained by the release of Zn 2+ ions; however, there is a lack of direct evidence of ZnO particulate effects. This study compared the acute toxicity of ZnO NPs and ZnSO 4 following intranasal exposure using a combination of metallomics and metabolomics approaches. Significant accumulation of Zn in the liver was only found in the ZnO NP treatment, with 29% of the newly accumulated Zn in the form of ZnO as revealed by X-ray fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS). This is the first direct evidence suggesting the persistence of ZnO NPs in liver upon intranasal exposure. Although both ZnO NPs and ZnSO 4 altered the metabolite profiles, with some overlaps and considerable specificity, of both liver and plasma samples, more and distinct metabolites in the liver and opposite effects in the plasma were altered by ZnO NPs compared with ZnSO 4, consistent with no accumulation of Zn detected in liver from ZnSO 4. Specifically, a large number of antioxidant-related compounds and energetic substrates were exclusively elevated in the liver of ZnO NP-treated animals. These findings provided direct evidence that persistence of ZnO NPs induced particle-specific effects on the antioxidant systems and energy metabolism pathways.
AB - Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are often related to the release of Zn 2+ ions due to their dissolution. Studies also suggest that the toxicity of ZnO NPs cannot be solely explained by the release of Zn 2+ ions; however, there is a lack of direct evidence of ZnO particulate effects. This study compared the acute toxicity of ZnO NPs and ZnSO 4 following intranasal exposure using a combination of metallomics and metabolomics approaches. Significant accumulation of Zn in the liver was only found in the ZnO NP treatment, with 29% of the newly accumulated Zn in the form of ZnO as revealed by X-ray fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS). This is the first direct evidence suggesting the persistence of ZnO NPs in liver upon intranasal exposure. Although both ZnO NPs and ZnSO 4 altered the metabolite profiles, with some overlaps and considerable specificity, of both liver and plasma samples, more and distinct metabolites in the liver and opposite effects in the plasma were altered by ZnO NPs compared with ZnSO 4, consistent with no accumulation of Zn detected in liver from ZnSO 4. Specifically, a large number of antioxidant-related compounds and energetic substrates were exclusively elevated in the liver of ZnO NP-treated animals. These findings provided direct evidence that persistence of ZnO NPs induced particle-specific effects on the antioxidant systems and energy metabolism pathways.
KW - Energy metabolism, oxidative stress
KW - Metabolite profile
KW - Zinc ions
KW - Zinc oxide nanoparticles
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076858675&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105437
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105437
M3 - Article
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 136
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
M1 - 105437
ER -